This is the largest June-August pig crop since estimates began in 1970. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 3.18 million head, down 1 percent from 2018. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 50 percent of the breeding herd.Non-sugar crop sub-sector. Forestry and Biodiversity.The average pigs saved per litter was a record high 12.60 for the June – August period, compared toSouth Dakota hog producers intend to farrow 126,000 sows during the September – November 2021 quarter, down 10% from the actual farrowings during the same period a year ago. Intended farrowings for December 2021 – February 2022 are 125,000 sows, down 7% from the actual farrowings during the same period a year ago. Exotic Breeds The most common pig breeds for commercial pig production are the Yorkshire, Landrace, Hampshire, Duroc, and Tibetan, Tamworth and Meishan breeds and their crosses. These breeds produce lean meat combined with efficient feed conversionThey can cause severe damage to most seed and grain crops, especially wheat, barley and sorghum. Figure 1: Typical feral pig damage to a ripening wheat crop.Statistics Service. This was down 2% from September 1, 2020, but up 1% from June 1, 2021.Breeding hog inventory, at 265,000 head, was down 7% from September 1, 2020, and down 2% from last quarter.The treatments consisted of four types of fertilizer, two organic (poultry litter and pig slurry) and two mineral, balanced with the same amounts of N, P and K as the organic fertilizers, one of which corresponded to the levels in the pig slurry (M1) and the other to the levels in the poultry litter (M2) in combination with three. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks in a 4 × 3 + 1 factorial arrangement with four replicates. The aim of this study was to evaluate soil response, through characterization of organic C and available N, P, and K contents, and corn yield response to increasing amounts of poultry litter, pig slurry, and mineral fertilizers in an integrated crop-livestock production system (ICL) from 2011 to 2013. Organic fertilizers derived from poultry litter and pig slurry are alternatives to mineral fertilizers in increasing soil nutrient availability.
![]() Doi:10.1590/01000683rbcs20140461) to obtain the expected benefits from the chemical, physical, and biological properties of the soil and subsequent crop yield ( Mafra et al., 2014 Mafra MSH, Cassol PC, Albuquerque JA, Correa JC, Grohskopf MA, Panisson J. Soil phosphorus thresholds in evaluating risk of environmental transfer to surface waters in Santa Catarina, Brazil. Specific recommendations include the development of critical P limits ( Gatiboni et al., 2015 Gatiboni LC, Smyth TJ, Schmitt DE, Cassol PC, Oliveira CMB. Doi:10.1590/S0100-06832012000200008To ensure that fertilization using organic fertilizers is sustainable and provides adequate nutrient availability to the soil-plant system, technical recommendation criteria are needed. Atributos físicos de um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária. Doi:10.1590/01000683rbcs20150080) and the use of highly productive conservation systems, such as integrated crop-livestock production systems (ICL), which place particular importance on soil fertility ( Tormena et al., 2012 Tormena CA, Betioli Junior E, Peteam LP, Alves SJ. Brad hudson run faster ebookDoi:10.1016/j.still.2014.10.010). Short-term carbon dioxide emission under contrasting soil disturbance levels and organic amendments. Doi:10.1590/S0100-204X2014000800007 Grave et al., 2015 Grave RA, Nicoloso RS, Cassol PC, Aita C, Corrêa JC, Costa MD, Fritz DD. Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas no sistema plantio direto. In: Fonseca AF, Caires EF, Barth G, editors. Benefícios da integração lavoura-pecuária sobre a fertilidade do solo em sistema plantio direto. Doi:10.1590/S0100-06832013000100016Fertilization practices using organic fertilizers in ICL systems often result in economic and environmental gains because the diversity of the integrated system is enhanced such that new nutrient-cycling pathways are created and new ecosystem processes emerge ( Anghinoni et al., 2011 Anghinoni I, Moraes A, Carvalho PCF, Souza ED, Conte O, Lang CR. Nutrientes em camadas de solo submetido a sucessivas aplicações de dejeto líquido de suínos e sob plantio direto. ![]() MATERIALS AND METHODSThe experiment was conducted during the 2011-2013 growing seasons at the Instituto Federal Catarinense - IFC (Santa Catarina Federal Institute), Concordia Campus, in the municipality of Concordia, with geographical coordinates of latitude 27° 12’ 0.08” and longitude 52° 4’ 58.22” and an altitude of 569 m. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate soil response, based on the organic C content and N, P, and K availability in the soil, and corn yield response to different amounts of poultry litter, pig slurry, and mineral fertilizers in an ICL system. Doi:10.1590/S0100-06832010000400034), and fertilizer recommendation studies should therefore be conducted on organics in ICL systems.The hypothesis of this study is based on the premise that organic fertilizer is equal to or better than the mineral fertilizers in ICL systems when the same criteria for N, P, and K applications to the soil are adopted. Atributos químicos do solo influenciados por sucessivas aplicações de dejetos suínos em áreas agrícolas de Santa Catarina. Doi:10.1590/S0006-87052009000300019 Scherer et al., 2010 Scherer EE, Nesi CN, Massotti Z. Descubre 1 online pdfTemperature and rainfall were reported as the average and sum of values registered during consecutive 10 days periods, respectively.The soil in the experimental area was a Nitossolo Vermelho Eutrófico according to the Brazilian Soil Classification System ( Santos et al. It should be noted that the rainfall and temperature conditions were adequate for crop development.Rainfall and maximum and minimum temperature recorded in the experiment during the 2011/2013 crop seasons in Concordia, SC, Brazil. The relief is predominantly undulating with an 8 % slope.Daily data for the maximum and minimum temperatures and rainfall throughout the two years of the experiment were collected at the weather station of Embrapa Suínos e Aves and are presented in figure 1. The rains are regular and well distributed with a total annual rainfall greater than 1,500 mm, sufficient to ensure there are no water deficits. Rich) RD Webster), cultivar MG-5, during the summer and dual-purpose rye ( Secale cereale L.), cultivar BRS Serrano, during the winter.The climate is classified as humid subtropical (Cfa) according to the Köppen classification system, where the colder months (June and July) have mean temperatures of approximately 15 ☌, and the mean annual temperature is 23 ☌.
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